S. Katsoudas, LA. Umana, R. Clarke, J. Thomas, M. Machie and D. Angelis (2025). Ketogenic diet in neonates: effects, pitfalls, and a paradigm from a preterm newborn affected by pyruvate dehydrogenase deficiency. Journal of perinatology : official journal of the California Perinatal Association. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41372-025-02427-6

PubMed 40962823

[Abstract]
The application of ketogenic diet (KD) in newborns is rare and mainly reserved for specific metabolic and seizure disorders. Furthermore, only case reports describe the effects of KD in premature infants. Here, we summarize the recent advances, indications, mechanisms of action and practical issues related to KD. We also provide a paradigm of a preterm male infant born at 34 weeks with pyruvate dehydrogenase deficiency, highlighting the therapeutic challenges and outcomes with the KD. This report underscores the complexities of managing metabolic disorders in neonates and the effects of KD.