DN. Zhu, MM. Xie, JH. Wang, J. Wang, DY. Ma, L. Sun, LC. Li, et al. (2014). [Therapeutic effect of ketogenic diet for refractory epilepsy in children: a prospective observational study]. Zhongguo dang dai er ke za zhi = Chinese journal of contemporary pediatrics, 16(5), 513-7.

PubMed 24857003

[Abstract]
OBJECTIVE: To study the clinical efficiency, electroencephalogram (EEG) changes and cognitive improvements of ketogenic diet (KD) in children with refractory epilepsy.

METHODS: Twenty pediatric patients (7-61 months in age) with refractory epilepsy were recruited between August 2012 and August 2013. KD therapy was performed on all participants for at least 3 months based on a fasting initiation protocol with the lipid-to-nonlipid ratio being gradually increased to 4 : 1. Seizure frequency, type and degree were recorded before and during KD therapy. A 24 hours video-electroencephalogram (V-EEG) examination and Gesell Developmental Scale assessment were performed prior to KD therapy, and 3, 6, 9 months after KD therapy.

RESULTS: Six patients became seizure free after KD therapy, with a complete control rate of 30%. Seizure frequency reduction occurred in 13 (65%) patients, EEG improvement in 8 (40%) patients, and improvement in Gesell Developmental Scales (gross motor and adaptability in particular) in 6 (30%) patients. The KD therapy-related side effects were mild.

CONCLUSIONS: KD therapy is safety and effective in reducing seizure frequency and improving EEG and cognitive function in children with refractory epilepsy.