P. Pronko, S. Zimatkin and A. Kuzmich (1994). Effect of aldehyde dehydrogenase and alcohol dehydrogenase inhibitors and ethanol on blood and liver ketone bodies in the rat. Polish journal of pharmacology, 46(5), 445-9.

PubMed 7894532

[Abstract]
The effects of the aldehyde dehydrogenase (ALDH) inhibitors: cyanamide (CY) and disulfiram (DS) and the alcohol dehydrogenase (ADH) inhibitor, pyrazole (PY) and the combination of these drugs with ethanol (ET, 3.5 g/kg, ip 6 h before decapitation) on the concentrations of rat blood and liver ketone bodies were studied. We found a 2-fold increase in acetone 12 h after PY, 4-fold elevation 30 h after DS and a 14-fold rise 12 h after CY administration. While DS and PY had no pronounced effects on the blood acetoacetate and 3-hydroxybutyrate concentrations, CY increased both of them 5.5 and 3.4-fold, respectively. After combined PY+CY, DS+ET and CY+ET injection, the effect became potentiated and the blood acetone levels rose more than 20-fold. The ET injection increased the concentrations of liver ketone bodies. The DS pretreatment did not change the acetoacetate and 3-hydroxybutyrate concentrations found after ET, but CY increased that of acetoacetate. Thus, the DS- and PY-induced acetonemia may be related to decreased acetone catabolism, whereas the CY effect--to increased formation of acetone from its metabolic precursor, acetoacetate. The ALDH inhibitors potentiated the ethanol-induced acetonemia probably by a combination of disturbances in ketone bodies production and acetone metabolism.