X. Wo, X. Yu, L. Miao, Y. Mao and K. Tang (2025). Diabetic Ketoacidosis in Klinefelter Syndrome Sans Malignancy with Unusually Elevated Levels of CEA: A Case Report. Diabetes, metabolic syndrome and obesity : targets and therapy, 18, 233-236. https://doi.org/10.2147/DMSO.S498230

PubMed 39896708

[Abstract]
PURPOSE: Klinefelter's syndrome (KS) is the most common sex chromosome disorder in the male population and is characterized by the presence of one or more X chromosomes. Studies have reported that the proportion of KS patients with diabetes is not low. It is also not uncommon for diabetes patients with poorly controlled blood glucose to have a transient mild increase in their carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA) levels. This study reports the case of Diabetic ketoacidosis (DKA) concurrently with a significant increase in CEA levels (reaching 40.8 ng/mL) in patients with KS.

METHODS: This middle-aged KS patient was immediately treated for DKA upon admission. A series of exams were performed to exclude the possibility of malignant tumors, and the patient's glucose and CEA levels were closely monitored.

RESULTS: After excluding the possibility of malignant tumors, the patient's CEA level gradually decreased to normal after good glycemic control.

CONCLUSION: This is the first report describing significant increases in CEA levels in KS patients with diabetes, which is of great clinical significance for the treatment of diabetes patients.